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BAER - brainstem auditory evoked response

Definition

Brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) is a test to measure the brain wave activity that occurs in response to clicks or certain tones.

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Alternative Names

Evoked auditory potentials; Brainstem auditory evoked potentials; Evoked response audiometry; Auditory brainstem response; ABR; BAEP

How the test is performed

You lie on a reclining chair or bed and remain still. Electrodes are placed on your scalp and on each earlobe. The earphones give off a brief click or tone. The electrodes pick up the brain's responses to these sounds and record them. You do not need to be awake for this test.

How to prepare for the test

You may be asked to wash your hair the night before the test.

Young children often require some type of sedation (medicine to relax them) so they remain still during the procedure.

Why the test is performed

The test is done to:

Help diagnose nervous system problems and hearing loss (especially in newborns and children)
Determine how well the nervous system works
Determine hearing ability in people who can not do other hearing tests.

This test may also be performed during surgery to decrease the risk of injury to the hearing nerve and brain.

Normal Values

Normal results vary, and depend on the patient and the instruments used to perform the test.

What abnormal results mean

Abnormal test results may be a sign of hearing loss, multiple sclerosis, acoustic neuroma, or stroke.

Abnormal results may also be due to:

Brain injury
Brain malformation
Brain tumor
Central pontine myelinolysis
Speech disorders

What the risks are

There are no risks.

References

Brown CJ, Johnson TA. Electrophysiologic assessment of hearing. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2010:chap 134.

Emerson RG, Pedley TA. Clinical neurophysiology: Electroencephalography and evoked potentials. In: Bradley WG, Daroff RB, Fenichel GM, Jankovic J, eds. Neurology in Clinical Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Butterworth-Heinemann; 2012:chap 32A.

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